Portuguese were the first europeans to enter Bihar for trade in spices and cotton. British established their factory in patna during 1620 which is presently used as government printing press. Immediately after battle of buxar treaty of Allahabad was signed in 1764 which granted diwani rights of bihar and bengal to british
Bihar was part of bengal presidency till 1912, then Bihar and Orissa were created as separate provinces by British, present day capital Patna of Bihar was found to be important region for trade and learning during British period
During 1917 Mahatma Gandhi started first satyagraha movement from Champaran against Tinkathia system of British and cultivation of Indigo, this movement was greatly successful where peasants got the freedom to cultivate the crop of their choice and gave huge confidence for the masses for freedom struggle
Key facts
Idea of "Non-violence" emerged from this state during ancient times
Most Bihar people found be excellent in mathematics
In recent times Bihar is found to be state with high success rate in Indian Civil Service Exam
Our first President "Rajendra Prasad" was from Bihar
During ancient times Bihar region played a key role in learning, culture and power. For example Magadha Kingdom and Nalanda university were based on this region
Father of Mauritius & their first Prime Minister "Seewoosagur Ramgoolam" was based on Bihar
Rivers Ganga, Koshi and Gandak flow through Bihar and it is found to be most fertile region in the world
Bihar is known for folk dances Chhau and Jhijhiya
Major Concerns
Unemployment & nearly 40% of Bihar youth unable to find any source of income
Migration of intellectuals to other state and foreign nations lead to reduction in new-age entrepreneurs in Bihar state
Huge population & Total fertility rate of Bihar stands at 3.0 which is higher than national average 2.1
Reverse migration of labours due to migration crisis caused by pandemic
More flood prone regions nearly 73% area of Bihar are flood prone which accounts for 17.2% of total flood prone area of India
High law & order issue due to nexus of police & people representatives, nearly 77% people of Bihar have low degree of trust on police
Measures can be taken
Bihar is driven by agriculture economy there is more potential for agri-based industries like food processing & dairy-processing, central and state measures to tap this potential help for the growth of state
Currently Bihar is home to 1 lakh weavers, governmnent initiatives to modernise leather and textile industries help them to manufacture products at effective cost and meet global standards of production
In recent trends Bihar is emerging as important center for ITES (Information technology enabled services) and ESDM (Electronics System Development and Maintenance) industry, promoting quality initiatives on education will help to achieve expertise and clusterisation of industries.
Bihar have potential on Heritage tourism, railway measures like aligning the railway networks along the heritage sites will give boost to tourism
Government initiatives to skill rural youths on modern digital skills make more youths employable
Long term solution for employment opportunities of professionals could be institution-industry collaboration help in improving skills, education & employment opportunities.
"I like friends who have independent minds because they tend to make you see problems from all angles" - Nelson Mandela
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