British gained control over Bombay island during 1661 and had their presence along the coastal region. From 1800's they began to expand to mainland and this led to establishment of Bombay Presidency
After India's Independence in 1947 Bombay province emerged as Bombay state, it also undergone many changes during State reorganisation act 1956 and finally on 1st May 1960 it was bifurcated into Maharashtra and Gujarat state based on linguistic basis
Key facts
Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra
Maharashtra has the India's largest highway network
SGDP of Maharashtra stands at $350 billion and it is the highest by any state in India
First train in India ran between Mumbai and Thane on 16th April 1853
Shirpur Gold refinery in Maharashtra is the India's first gold refinery
Maharashtra is known for five UNESCO heritage sites they are i) Ajanta Caves ii) Ellora Caves iii) Elephanta Caves iv) The Victorian and Art Deco Ensemble of Mumbai v) Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus
Lavani, Dhangarigaja, Lezim, Koli, Gondhal and Tamasha are important folk dances of Maharashtra
Godavari, Bhima and Krishna rivers flow through Maharashtra
Major Concerns
Emerging need for water caused by droughts
High rate of migration
Loss of soil fertility
Deforestation caused by urbanisation in western ghats belt
Measures can be taken
Drought is caused by lack of precipitation in air, measures on rainwater harvesting helps to store water and deal with dry conditions, drip irrigation helps to achieve optimum moisture in the soil, crop engineering increases crop yield and provide better resistance to drought & planting trees improve precipitation
Use of fortified farm yard manure, Green manuring, Planting cover crops add organic matter to the soil and implementation of crop rotation methods helps to improve fertility of soil
Giving importance to the factor that change in climate affect nation's economy in long run for restoration of natural resources will compel government to come up with effective & environment friendly government policies
In the era of digitalisation and 5G it is highly feasible to decentralise software sector & encourage work from home culture which will considerably reduce the burden of high immigration in urban areas
In a gentle way, you can shake the world - Mahatma Gandhi
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